What is the main ingredient in most hair relaxers?

The main ingredient in most hair relaxers is sodium hydroxide. This chemical is classified as a strong alkali that works by breaking down the protein structure of the hair, allowing it to be straightened. Sodium hydroxide is effective in reshaping hair, which is why it is a popular choice among professional stylists. Its ability to penetrate the hair shaft and alter its structure makes it particularly useful for clients with tightly curled or textured hair who are seeking a smoother look.

Potassium hydroxide, while also a strong alkali, is less commonly used in relaxers compared to sodium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide has its applications in hair care, primarily in certain types of relaxers, but it is not the main ingredient in the majority of products. Ammonium thioglycolate is primarily used in permanent waving and soft curl perming rather than in hair relaxers, as it works differently by reducing disulfide bonds rather than straightening hair through the same strong alkalinity found in sodium hydroxide-based products.