Idaho Cosmetology Licensure Practice Exam

The primary ingredient in most permanent wave solutions is ammonium thioglycolate. This compound is a type of alkaline agent that plays a crucial role in altering the structure of the hair’s protein bonds, specifically keratin. When applied to the hair, ammonium thioglycolate penetrates the hair shaft and breaks down the disulfide bonds in the keratin, allowing the hair to be reshaped into a new style. Once the desired curl or wave is formed, a neutralizer, often containing hydrogen peroxide, is applied to reform the disulfide bonds in their new shape, thus locking in the style.

Understanding the role of ammonium thioglycolate is essential for cosmetologists, as it allows them to effectively create permanent waves while also ensuring the health of the hair. The compound is favored because it provides more control over the texture and shape of the curls compared to other ingredients. While hydrogen peroxide is used in the neutralization process, it is not the main ingredient responsible for the initial curling effect. Other options, like glycolic acid and ethyl alcohol, do not serve as the foundational components for permanent wave solutions but may have other applications in haircare products.